Melco Property Holdings (NZ) 2012 Limited v Hall
Te tere o mua i te Kirihimete
He hoa noho a Melco rāua ko Mr Hall. Kua noho kē a Melco i te 1–3 Parliament Street i Lower Hutt, ā, i hiahia ia ki te hoko i te nama 5 o Hall hei whakawhānui ake i ōna whare pakihi. I tukuna he tono $1.5 miriona, ā, i whakaaetia, i runga i te tirotiro tika. I hainatia te kirimana tata ki te tīmatanga o Hakihea 2019, ā, i whakaritea te tikanga tirotiro tika mō ngā rā mahi 15 i muri i te hainatanga o te whakaaetanga.
I tirotirohia e Melco te whenua i waenganui o Hakihea, ā, i kī atu a Hall ki a rātou kāore he aromatawai rū whenua. [1] I whakatūria e Melco he miihini rū whenua i te 16 o Hakihea, engari he raruraru wātea ā rātou, ā, e kore e taea te tirotiro i te whenua tae noa ki te wiki e tīmata ana i te 13 o Hānuere.
I tēnei wā tonu, te āhua nei kua kite a Melco kua hē tana mahi mō te rā whakaritenga – i te mea kei te mahi tonu ia kia tae ki te rā whakaritenga o te 2 o Pēpuere, engari ko te rā whakaritenga ko te 9 o Hānuere. I tono a Melco kia whakaroahia te wā tirotiro tika i te Pō Kirihimete. I whakautu a Hall i te Rā o te Pouaka Whakamutunga, me te kī he taea pea te whakaroa engari ka pātai atu ia ki tana rōia (kāore i te tika kia hoki mai ki te tari tae noa ki te 9 o Hānuere). I te 6 o Hānuere, kua nui te āwangawanga o Melco ki te whakatū i tētahi atu miihini ru whenua, e kī ana ka taea e rātou te toro tere ki te wāhi mena ka taea te whakarite urunga.
Ka wetekina te whakaaetanga
- I tukuna e Hall (i puni i ngā pae maunga o Tararua) he karere kuputuhi i te atatu ki a Melco e kī ana ka taea e ia te hui i te poutumarotanga kia taea ai e ia te toro atu ki te miihini ru whenua hou.
- I muri mai i te ata, ka whakautu a Hall i te waea mai a tētahi atu rōpū, ā, i tukuna mai e rātou he $1.6 miriona mō te whenua.
- I te 10:22 i te ata, ka tuku karere a Hall ki a Melco me te kī me whakakore e ia te hui "nā te mea kua roa kē te hui".
Whakatūpato me te tautohe
I hainatia e Hall tētahi whakaaetanga me tētahi atu rōpū hei hoko i te whenua i tētahi utu nui ake, engari i hinga taua whakaaetanga nā te mea kua tukuna e Melco tētahi ārai mō te whenua. [3] I tono a Hall ki te Kōti Matua kia tangohia te ārai, ā, i haere tonu te take ki te Kōti Pīra, ā, ināianei ki te Kōti Matua.
Hei tiaki i tana ārai (me te aukati i te hoko ki tētahi atu rōpū), me whakaatu e Melco ki te Kōti kei te mau tonu te whakaaetanga hoko me te hoko. [4] Kāore e ranea te tautohe i runga i te "tika" o te take - ahakoa he painga mō tētahi rōpū anake te tikanga, ka taea e tētahi atu rōpū te whakakore i te whakaaetanga mena ka tae mai te rā kati o te tikanga, ā, ka mutu, me te kore he mahi. Ā, kāore te take o te whakakorenga e pā ana ki te tikanga tonu: he nui te whai i tētahi atu whakaaetanga kua whakaritea, te whakarerekē noa rānei i tō whakaaro. Nō reira, me kimi e Melco he pūtake ture hei kī kāore te whakakorenga a Hall i whai mana.
I te taenga o te take ki te Kōti Hupirimi, kotahi te mea i arohia te tautohe ture: kua whakakorehia e Hall te wā i whakaritea ai te aromatawai rū whenua me te haora noa iho i mua i te tuku whakamōhiotanga, ā, ko te rā i mua atu i te rā i whakaritea ai te rā mō te āhua.
Ngā Tikanga Tauira
I whakaae te katoa ko ngā mahi a Hall i te 8 o Hānuere i pā ki te kaha o Melco ki te whakatutuki, ki te whakakore rānei i te whakaritenga tirotiro tika o te 9 o Hānuere. Engari ko te pātai, mehemea i nui te pānga o aua mahi, ā, kāore a Hall i te whai mana ture ki te whakakore i te kirimana.
He rerekē ngā tirohanga a ngā rōpū mō te whakamātautau me tono e te Kōti:
- I tautohe a Hall he mea tika kia whai hononga tika te take , ā, me whakaatu e Melco ko ngā mahi a Hall tētahi o ngā tino take i kore ai e tutuki, e whakakorea rānei te tikanga .
- I tautohe a Melco ko te paerewa mēnā i tino aukati ngā mahi a Hall i a Melco ki te whakatutuki i te whakaritenga.
He wā pai tēnei hei tautohetohe. Ko te mātāpono e kore e taea e tētahi rōpū te whakawhirinaki ki te korenga o tētahi āhuatanga mēnā ka kore te āhuatanga nā tā rātou mahi i angitu, he mea tawhito rawa – ko te take matua nō te tau 1919(!). [5] Engari i puta ko ngā Kōti o Aotearoa kāore anō kia tonoa kia whakamāramahia he paerewa motuhake mō te taunakitanga, te whakamātautau take rānei. Nō reira, i tua atu i te whakaaro ki te ture take o Aotearoa, i tahuri anō te Kōti Matua ki ngā Kōti o Ahitereiria mō te āwhina.
He nui te pānga o te takahi ki te korenga e tutuki
I te mutunga, i whakatau te Kōti Matua me whakatakoto e te ture te mōrearea ki tōna wāhi tika . Ko te tikanga o tēnei he pai ake te huarahi ngāwari a Melco i te huarahi pakari a Hall. Ko te whakaaro whānui, kaua te rōpū e kore e utu e whakawhirinaki ki tā rātou ake utu. Nō reira, i whakamāramahia te mātāpono penei: [6]
Kāore e tika kia whakawhirinaki tetahi rōpū nā te takahi i te kirimana i whai wāhi nui ki te korenga o te whakaritenga ki taua korenga o te whakaritenga hei karo i tētahi kirimana.
I ngā take i whai wāhi ai ngā taha e rua ki te korenga e tutuki tētahi tikanga, i whakaaro te Kōti me takahi te ture i tētahi tikanga nui, ā, me whai mana hoki .
He aha te tikanga o tēnei mō Melco rāua ko Hall? Āe, he pono ehara i te mea ko ngā mahi a Hall anake te take i kore ai a Melco e tutuki i te whakaritenga. Ahakoa i taea e te miihini ru whenua te tae ki te papaanga i te 8, i kīia e ngā taunakitanga kāore he pūrongo tuhituhi e wātea tae noa ki te wiki e whai ake nei, ā, kāore te miihini i te tūranga hei tuku pūrongo ā-waha. Nō reira, kāore i taea te whakaatu kei te tūranga pai a Melco ki te whakatutuki i te rarangi tirotiro tika i te 9, i runga i te tūranga i te 8. [7] Ahakoa tēnei, i whakaaro tonu te Kōti he take tautohetohe kei reira ngā mahi a Hall i pā nui ki te kaha o Melco ki te whakatutuki, ki te whakakore rānei i te whakaritenga. Nā reira, ka taea tonu te pupuri i te whakatūpato, ā, ka taea e ngā rōpū te whiriwhiri ki te haere ki te whakawakanga.
Kei te hiahia koe ki te ako atu mō te huarahi i taea ai e ngā rōpū te whakamahi pai i tā rātou kirimana herenga? Pāwhiri ki konei .
Ngā Tohutoro
[1] Ka mōhio ngā kaipupuri whenua me ngā kaiwhakawhanake ki te tikanga o ngā Whare e Pāngia ana e te Rū Whenua, ā, e mōhio ana hoki rātou, hei tauira, me whai aromatawai rū whenua hei wāhanga o te tono whakaaetanga hanga, me tohu rānei e te kaunihera ā-rohe tētahi whare hei EQPB, ā, me whai kia whakapakarihia te rū whenua.
[2] E hiahia ana ngā kaitōrangapū ture kia mōhio tātou kāore te kupu tika i konei e whakamahia , engari e whakakorehia ana .
[3] Ko te whakatūpato he "pānui aukati" e rēhitatia ana ki te taitara o tētahi whenua. Ka whakamōhio atu ki ngā rōpū tuatoru mō tō pānga ki te whenua, ā, (i te nuinga o te wā) ka mutu te rēhitatanga o ngā whakawhiti, o ētahi atu tauwhitinga rānei. Me whai pānga whakatūpato te tangata hei rēhita i tētahi whakatūpato – nō reira i tēnei take he mea nui kia whakapumautia e Melco kei te mau tonu he whakaaetanga here mō te hoko me te hoko.
[4] Nā te mea he take ārai tēnei, i whakaarohia noa e te Kōti mēnā he take tautohetohe tā Melco. He whakamātautau ngāwari ake tēnei i te mea ka pā mēnā/ina hiahia a Melco ki te tiki whakatau a te kōti e hiahia ana kia hokona e Hall te whenua ki a ia. He mea nui tēnei wehewehenga mō ngā rōpū. Engari he iti noa te pānga ki ngā kaipānui e hiahia ana ki te whakapuakitanga whānui o te ture mai i te Kōti Matua.
[5] New Zealand Shipping Co Ltd v Société des Ateliers et Chantiers de France [1919] AC 1.
[6] I [53].
[7] I hiahia ngā kōti o raro ki tēnei momo "tātaritanga whakahē" (e wiri ai te hunga katoa kua uru ki ngā tono haumi ki tāwāhi). Kāore i tino aro te Kōti Matua: E kite ana hoki mātou he painga mahi tā mātou huarahi nā te mea he pono, ā, ka karohia he tātaritanga whakahē e taea ana te whakapae - i [54].
