He taputapu iti noa te whakamahinga o te aromatawai kūpapa i roto i te pouaka taputapu whakatau tautohe. He pono, he ngoikoretanga pea ōna: ko te rōpū e pouri ana ki te aromatawai a te kaiaromatawai ka puhoi pea ki te whakaae ki te putanga, ko te rōpū ia e whakaaro ana he tika, ka nui ake te uaua o tā rātou tūnga whiriwhiri. [1] Heoi, he hē te kore aro ki te aromatawai kūpapa. Ki te mārama pai, ā, ki te whakamahia hoki me te whai whakaaro nui, he nui te kaha ki te whakatau pai i ngā tautohe arumoni.
E ai ki te tapanga, ko te aromatawai koretake e uru ana ki ngā rōpū o tētahi tautohe te tuku i ngā take e tautohetia ana i waenganui i a rātou ki tētahi atu rōpū (he kaiarotake), kāore nei he pānga ki te putanga, hei aromatawai mō te putanga pea o te whakawakanga. Kāore te aromatawai e whai mana, engari e wātea ana hei whakamahi mā ngā rōpū hei whakamōhio i ā rātou ake aromatawai mō ngā kaha me ngā ngoikoretanga o ō rātou tūranga, ā, mā tēnā ka taea te whakahaere i ngā whiriwhiringa.
Ae, ki te arahi te aromatawai koretake ki tētahi whakataunga, ko te tere o te mahi i roto i tētahi tukanga whakawakanga, ka nui ake te penapena i roto i ngā utu whakawakanga. Nā reira, he maha ngā tuhinga e kīia ana ko te 'Arotake Koretake Wā Mutunga' ('ENE' rānei). Engari e whakaatu ana ngā wheako ko te wā tino whai hua ki te whakatau i tētahi tautohe [2] ehara i te mea i te tīmatanga tonu. Ko te aromatawai i mua tata o te whakawakanga – ina kua whakaritea te take, kua mārama ngā take me ngā taunakitanga, ā, kei te tata mai te tumanako ka whakatauhia (mō te pai, mō te kino rānei) – ka nui ake te kaha i te aromatawai e tukuna ana i tētahi wā o mua. Kāore he ture pakari, engari he hē te whakaaro he whai tikanga noa te aromatawai koretake mēnā ka mahia 'i mua' (ahakoa he aha te tikanga o tēnā).
He aha te hiahia kia tutukihia e te aromatawai koretake? E ai ki te whakamārama a tētahi kaituhi: [3]
I puta te whanaketanga o te aromatawai kūpapa hei tikanga ADR hei whakautu i tētahi āhuatanga kua maha ngā wā kua tūtaki tātou katoa ki tēnei: ko tētahi o ngā take matua kāore e whakatau wawetia ngā kēhi, nā te mea kua hē te whakaaro, kua hē rānei te aromatawai a tētahi – i ētahi wā ko tētahi o ngā rōpū, i ētahi wā ko tētahi rōia, ko tētahi kaiwhakatikatika rānei – ki te kēhi. Ka hua ake ngā whakaaro koretake mō te putanga pea o te kēhi, ā, ka hua ake te uaua koretake, ka hua ake he rā whakawakanga …
Ko te kaupapa matua ko te tirotiro i te pono, me te tātari i te mōrearea o te whakawakanga. Tērā pea koinei te pūtake o tētahi takawaenga aromatawai pono, ahakoa i roto i taua āhuatanga ka takaihia ki te āhua o te whakapau kaha ki te whiriwhiri tahi mō tētahi putanga me te āwhina a te kaiaromatawai/kaitakawaenga. Kāore e kore he maha ngā take e whakaaro ana tētahi rōpū he māmā ake te whakaoti i te take mēnā ka kōrero pai tētahi ki te taha whakahē. [4] Mai i te tirohanga a te kaitakawaenga, he māmā ake te maha o ngā kōrero whakataunga mēnā i whakahaerehia tuatahitia e tētahi rōpū, e tētahi atu rōpū rānei (ā, he maha ngā wā, e rua) tētahi aromatawai katoa me te pono o te
ngā kaha me ngā ngoikoretanga o tō rātou tūranga.
Engari he aha ai te take e whakahaerehia ai he aromatawai mōrearea me te taha kē e whai wāhi ana, ā, ka mārama te aromatawai ka puta? Ko tētahi take, ka uru atu te kaiaromatawai koretake ki ngā take e rua, ā, ka mau i a ia ngā meka me ngā tautohe ka tukuna e ngā rōpū (kaua e whai tirohanga taha kotahi ki ngā mea e whakaarohia ana e tētahi rōpū ka taea e tētahi atu te whakatū, te tautoko rānei). He huarahi whai hua tēnei ki te mārama tika ki te tūnga o te hoa whawhai, me te kite i tō ake tūnga mā roto i ngā kanohi o tētahi e tae mai ana ki te take me te kore he hiahia taha ki tētahi taha, ki tētahi taha rānei. Ko te aromatawai koretake he huarahi pai pea pērā i te whakamātautau i tētahi take i roto i te huarahi pakari engari me te kore e ngaro te mana whakahaere o te putanga katoa.
Ahakoa rā, ko te aromatawai kūpapa pea te mea tino pai mō ngā take uaua ake, tae atu ki ngā take hangahanga, ngā take rānei kei reira ngā take hangarau e pā ana ki ngā whakaaro taupatupatu a ngā tohunga, ā, he tino teitei te whakapono o ngā taha e rua ka angitu rātou. [5] Tērā pea he pai anō hoki mēnā he take motuhake ka taea te wehe me te aromatawai – hei tauira, he pātai aromatawai, he kaute rānei mō ngā kino i keremehia.
Ko te kaha nui pea o te aromatawai koretake kei roto i te āhua iti o tana whāinga. Ko te whāinga he whiwhi i tētahi aromatawai motuhake, koretake, ā, kore here o tētahi take. Kāore e hiahiatia he momo 'toa' me 'hinga' e puta mai ana i roto i ngā tukanga whakatau pēnei i te whakawakanga, te whakatau tautohe rānei. I a ia anō, ko te whakaae ki te aromatawai koretake kāore he oati motuhake ki te whiriwhiri (tērā pea ko te whiriwhiri i tētahi huarahi motuhake, i tētahi wā rānei (pēnei i te takawaenga). Ko te mea nui ko te mārama ake ki te take i mua i te hinganga o te toki whakatau, i te kitenga rānei i a ia anō e whiriwhiri ana me tētahi rōpū nā te kore mōhio i ara ake ai.
ki tētahi whakaaro hē mō te kaha o tōna tūranga whiriwhiri. [6] Kāore te aromatawai kūpapa e kī ana he mea nui ake i tōna āhua, kāore hoki e hiahiatia kia pērā.
He whakapapa rangatira tō te aromatawai koretake. He wāhanga e mōhiotia ana o te tukanga Kōti (he mea rānei ka taea te uru atu mā roto i ngā Kōti) i roto i ētahi mana whakahaere i waho o Aotearoa. [7] He maha ngā mana whakahaere e whakauru ana i te tohutoro motuhake ki te aromatawai koretake i roto i ngā ture whakahaere [8] , he tukanga rānei ka taea te uru atu mā roto i ngā Kōti. Kei te American Arbitration Association ngā tikanga paerewa mō te Aromatawai Koretake Wā Mua. Ā, tata atu ki te kāinga, ka whakahaerehia e te Law Society of New South Wales tētahi tukanga ENE taipitopito e whakaahuatia ana ko '... he whakawakanga muna i mua i te whakawakanga'. [9]
I Aotearoa, he tukanga tūao te aromatawai koretake. Nō reira, me whakaae ngā rōpū ki te whakahaere i te aromatawai kia taea ai e te kaiaromatawai te aromatawai pakari. Ka taea te whakarite i te tukanga kia rite ki te take motuhake, engari ko ngā āhuatanga matua e tumanakohia ana kia whakahaerea i roto i te kirimana mō te aromatawai koretake e pā ana ki te whakatūnga o te kaiaromatawai; te noho muna me te kore e whakaaetia o ngā taunakitanga o te aromatawai; me te tukanga e tukuna ai ngā mōhiohio ki te kaiaromatawai hei aromatawai. Ka taea tēnei mai i te tono aromatawai 'i runga i ngā pepa', ki te whakahaere i tētahi 'whakawa poto' me ngā whai wāhitanga mō ngā taunakitanga me te whakamātautau me ngā tuku [10] . He mea nui hoki kia mahara ehara i te mea he mea here te tuku i ngā take katoa o tētahi take ki te kaiaromatawai.
Ko te mea pono, i te wā e haere ake nei, ka whakatauhia te nuinga o ngā tautohe ā-ture. Nō reira, me mōhio ngā kaimahi i roto i ngā tautohe ki te nui o te mōhiotanga (tērā pea he nui ake) mō te whiriwhiri me te whakatau i ngā take hei painga mō ā rātou kiritaki, pērā i te mōhiotanga ki ngā taunakitanga ārahi me te tirotiro i ngā kaiwhakaatu. Ko te mārama ki te aromatawai koretake, me te kaha ki te whai wāhi atu ki roto, he wāhanga tino nui o taua pūkenga.
Ngā Tohutoro
[1] Ngā āwangawanga i whakapuakina i roto i tētahi tuhinga i tuhia e te kaituhi i te tau 2011 "He aha te pai o te aromatawai" tirohia http://www.roydenhindle.co.nz/documents/Hindle-articleWHAT-GOOD-IS-EVALUATION.pdf (i tirohia whakamutunga i te 2/5/17).
[2] Arā, ko te wā tēnei e tino pai ai te whakataunga mō te keehi.
[3] Aromatawai Kūpapa: He Tikanga ADR Kua Tae Mai Te Wā
[4] He whāinga ka hoki whakamuri pea i ētahi wā!
[5] He uaua ki te kite he aha te take e hiahia ai tētahi rōpū e mataku ana kei ngoikore tōna tūranga ki te whai wāhi ki tētahi aromatawai koretake e mārama ai ki te rōpū whakahē.
[6] He pai ake te whakamārama i tēnei whakaaro i roto i te Neutral Evaluation: an ADR Technique Whose Time Has Come, kei runga ake nei te tuhipoka 4.
[7] Ae, tera pea ka tū he Hui Whakataunga Whakawa i Aotearoa, e uru ana pea, kāore rānei, he wāhanga aromatawai koretake.
[8] Hei tauira, ka tukuna e ngā Ture Whakahaere ā-Iwi o te UK te mana ki te Kōti ki te karanga i tētahi whakawakanga ENE, ā, ka whakaratohia hoki te Aromatawai Koreutu i roto i ngā mana whakahaere pērā i te Takiwā Raki o California, te Takiwā o Vermont me Orange County, California.
[9] Tirohia https://adraccess.wordpress.com/early-neutral-evaluation/ (i tirohia whakamutunga i te 2 o Mei 2017).
[10] Kei te NZDRC me te BDT ngā momo whakaaetanga kua tino whakawhanakehia hei whakauru atu ki te aromatawai koretake – tirohia www.nzdrc.co.nz me buildingdisputestribunal.co.nz .
