Papamuri
I uru atu a Pascale Construction Pty Ltd ( Pascale ) ki tētahi kirimana hei hanga whare putunga mō Bunnings i te Tonga o Ahitereiria. I kirimanahia e rātou a Tesseract International Pty Ltd ( Tesseract ) kia whakaratohia e Tesseract ngā ratonga hangarau me te tohutohu e pā ana ki te hoahoa o te whare putunga. I puta he tautohe i waenganui i a Pascale me Tesseract. I whakaritea i roto i tā rātou kirimana, mēnā kāore e taea te whakatau i te tautohe mā te hohou rongo, me haere ki te whakatau tautohe. Kāore i taea e rātou te whakatutuki i tētahi whakaaetanga, nō reira i tukuna ai e Pascale tētahi pānui tautohe, e tuku ana i te take ki te whakatau tautohe.
Ko ngā kereme a Pascale ki a Tesseract he takahi i te kirimana, he mangere, me te whanonga tinihanga me te tinihanga. I whakakahoretia e Tesseract te nama me te tautohe me whakaitihia ngā utu kino e utua ana nā te mangere takoha (i raro i te Ture Whakahou Ture (Te Nekehanga Takoha me te Wehewehenga o te Nama) 2001 (SA) ( Ture Whakahou Ture ) me te Ture Whakataetae me te Kaihoko 2010 (Cth) ( CCA )).
I whakatakotohia anō hoki e Tesseract tētahi atu tautohe kia whakaitihia ngā utu kino kia whakaata i te nama ōrite o tētahi atu tangata hara o te rōpū tuatoru (i raro i te Ture Whakahou Ture me te CCA). Hei whakautu i tēnei tautohe rerekē, i kī a Pascale kāore e taea e Tesseract te whakawhirinaki ki te nama ōrite hei parepare i roto i te whakatau tautohe. Nō reira, i tono a Tesseract mō te whakaaetanga mai i te Kōti Matua o Ahitereiria ki te Tonga kia whakautua e te Kōti te pātai ture e whai ake nei:
E pā ana te Wāhanga 3 o te Ture Whakahou Ture me/ranei te Wāhanga VIA o te CCA ki tēnei tukanga whakatau tautohe arumoni i whakahaerehia i raro i te ture me te Ture Whakatau Tauhokohoko 2011 (SA) ?
Ngā tautohe i mua i te Kōti
Ko ngā tautohe a ngā rōpū i tukuna ki te Kōti i penei:
[I tukuna mai e Tesseract] … tuatahi, ko ngā whakaritenga herenga ōrite he ture e tika ana hei wāhanga o te ture matua o Te Tonga o Ahitereiria; tuarua, ko ngā whakaritenga o te Ture Whakahou Ture e tika ana te whakamārama, e pā ana ki ngā whakahaerenga whakatau tautohe i runga i te mana o ā rātou ake tikanga; tuatoru, ka taea te whakamahi i ngā whakaritenga i roto i ngā whakahaerenga nā te mea he tikanga kua tohua kei te Kaiwhakatau tautohe te mana ki te tuku i ngā rōpū i tētahi awhina e wātea ana i roto i tētahi kōti whai mana tika.
I whakanuia e [Pascale] te āhua tūmataiti me te whakaae tahi o te whakatau tautohe, te koretake o te herenga o ngā rōpū tuatoru kāore i raro i aua tukanga, ā, ko te reo o ngā whakaritenga e whakahē ana i te whakamahinga o aua whakaritenga ki ngā tukanga whakatau tautohe.
I whakautua e te Kōti te pātai i tukuna ki a ia "Kāo". I kitea e ia ahakoa ko ngā tikanga herenga ōrite i raro i te Ture Whakahou Ture me te CCA he wāhanga o te ture matua e whakahaere ana i te whakataunga o te tautohe a ngā rōpū i raro i te Ture Whakatau Tauhokohoko o Ahitereiria ki te Tonga, kāore te wāhanga e tika ana o taua Ture i kī kia pāngia ngā ture matua katoa i roto i aua tikanga ki ngā tukanga whakatau tautohe. Nō reira, he mea tika kia pāngia ngā whakaritenga mā te mana o ā rātou ake tikanga, mā te tikanga rānei o tētahi tikanga kua tohua i roto i te whakaaetanga whakatau tautohe. I whakatau te Kōti:
Kāore ngā whakaritenga herenga ōrite i roto i te Ture Whakahou Ture me te CCA e pā ki ngā whakahaerenga whakatau tautohe i runga i ā rātou ake tikanga i roto i ngā whakahaerenga whakatau tautohe.
Mā roto i ngā whakaritenga whakatau tautohe i roto i te kirimana, kua tukuna e ngā rōpū te mana ki te kaiwhakatau tautohe ki te whakatau i tā rātou tautohe me te mea nei kei roto i te kōti ture whai mana whakahaere tika.
Heoi, i raro i ngā whakaritenga e hiahiatia ana e te ture tēnei tuku mana. Tērā ētahi āhuatanga o ngā tikanga herenga ōrite i raro i te Ture Whakahou Ture me te CCA e tohu ana i te hiahia whāinga a te ture e tika ana kia kaua e pā ki ngā tukanga whakatau tautohe.
Ko tētahi āhuatanga nui i tautoko i te whakautu a te Kōti ki te pātai, ko te korenga o tētahi whai wāhitanga mō tētahi kaiwhakapae ki te whakauru atu ki ētahi atu 'kaihara hara' ki tētahi whakataunga whakatau mēnā kāore aua kaihara i whakaae (he whakaaetanga te whakataunga whakatau, ā, kāore e taea te whakauru atu ki tētahi atu rōpū ki tētahi whakataunga whakatau mēnā kāore rātou i whakaae). Ko te tikanga o tēnei ka ngaro i te kaiwhakapae te whai wāhitanga ki te whakahoki mai i te katoa o ana mate i roto i tētahi huinga whakahaerenga. I kitea e te Kaiwhakawā Doyle ko te āhua tonu o ngā tikanga herenga ōrite i roto i te Ture Whakahou Ture me te CCA he mea hanga hei whakahaere i te whakataunga o ngā tautohe e pā ana ki ngā kaihara maha, kaua ki ngā whakahaerenga whakataunga whakatau takirua noa. Heoi, i mutu tana kōrero mā te tuhi i ēnei e whai ake nei:
Heoi, ehara tēnei i te kī kāore pea ngā rōpū e whakaae ki te whakaae kia whakamahia ētahi wāhanga o ngā tikanga herenga ōrite e pā ana ki roto i ngā mahi whakatau tautohe i waenganui i a rātou. Ahakoa ka rerekē te tikanga mai i ngā tikanga i whakaarohia e ngā ture e pā ana, kāore he uauatanga ki tēnei i ngā āhuatanga e mārama ana koinā te mea kua whakaaetia e ngā rōpū.
Whakamutunga
Mena ka tukuna noa e te rarangi whakatau tautohe i roto i te kirimana te kaha ki te kaiwhakatau tautohe ki te whakamahi i te ture matua o tētahi Kāwanatanga, Rohe rānei i Ahitereiria, kāore pea e taea te whakamahi i ngā tikanga herenga ōrite i roto i tētahi ture e pā ana ki te kaupapa o tētahi tautohe pea. Me whakamārama mārama te rarangi whakatau tautohe e hiahia ana ngā rōpū kia whakatau te taraipiunara whakatau tautohe i runga i te herenga ōrite, ki te kore ka mutu ko te rōpū herenga te kawenga katoa.
Ngā Tohutoro
[1] Kua whakatinanahia ngā ture e pā ana ki te nama taurite i roto i ngā mana whakahaere katoa o Ahitereiria, ahakoa kāore i te ōrite. Tirohia, hei tauira, te Ture Nama Taurite 2002 (NSW) ; te Ture Nama Taurite 2002 (TAS) ; te Ture Nama Taurite 2003 (QLD) ; te Ture Nama Taurite (Ngā Whara) 2002 (ACT) ; me te Ture Nama Taurite 2002 (WA) . Mō tētahi pepa whakamere mō tōna hītori me tōna whanaketanga i Ahitereiria, tirohia te pepa kauhau i tukuna e Ahorangi Doug Jones, Proportionate Liability Revisited , 8th Pinsent Masons Lecture, 17 Whiringa-ā-rangi 2020.
[2] Kei te mau tonu te pūnaha herenga tahi me te herenga takitahi i Aotearoa. Ko te tikanga ka taea e te kaiwhakapae te whakahoki mai i te 100% o ana mate mai i te 'kaihara' kotahi e kitea ana he kawenga, ahakoa he tangata kē atu i whai wāhi ki ngā mate.
